Kweek calls in conjunction with flutter aerial displays are used as threats of aggression. Kweek calls and drumming will also occur when the bird is disturbed (Short 1982). Hairy Woodpeckers that are disturbed will flutter their wings and utter a "brrrup" noise, or they will engage in displacement tapping and pecking. The song of this bird is a "kingfisher-like rattle" or rattle call a note that preceeds the rattle call is a "peek" sound or peek call uttered sharply (Peterson 1967, Short 1982, Farrand, Jr. Status: wild 191 months Bird Banding Laboratory gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate).Breeding occurs once annually (Palmer and Fowler 1975). The young leave the nest after 28 to 30 days (Winkler et al. Incubation is 14 days by both parents (Palmer and Fowler 1975, Short 1982, Winkler et al. The eggs average 23.8 by 18 mm in size (Bent 1992). Two to five white eggs are laid per clutch (Palmer and Fowler 1975, Short 1982, Winkler et al. Nest holes are made in dead branches or tree trunks, 4 to 60 m off the ground, in forests and orchards. Once the pair-bond is formed, both male and female drum.Įxcavation of the nest is accomplished for the most part by the male. They will advertise for a male by drumming. In some locations, females maintain territories. Range mass 84.5 to 85.5 g 2.98 to 3.01 ozīreeding occurs two to three months before nesting in February through June, depending on location within the Hairy Woodpecker's geographic range.Young birds may have red on their crown (Farrand, Jr. (Peterson 1967, Palmer and Fowler 1975, Winkler et al. There is also white on the chest, abdomen, back, and rump. On the male, there is a red patch on the back of the head, black crown, and black eye mask and nape of the neck. Outer tail feathers are white and do not have black markings. Black and white streakings or checkerings are evident on the wings. It has a wingspan of 44.5 cm., a tail length of 10.2 cm. This bird is approximately 16.5 to 26.7 cm. This bird also frequents gardens and residential areas (Farrand, Jr. In the tropics, this woodpecker is found in the mountains to a maximum of 3400 m in Panama (Winkler et al. In the eastern United States, the Hairy Woodpecker is found in all types of forests. In the northwestern to the western United States, Hairy Woodpeckers are found in douglas fir/western hemlock forests, open juniper woodland, and in riparian forests. Individual's range is a few acres (Palmer and Fowler 1975). This woodpecker is found in forested areas, especially where dead trees are standing. 1988), being found in Guatamala, Costa Rica, and Panama (Winkler et al. Some northern residents migrate south during the winter (Farrand, Jr. This woodpecker ranges from Alaska to Newfoundland south from northern Mexico to Florida (Palmer and Fowler 1975).
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